🈶 KATAKANA CHART
📌 What is Katakana?
Katakana is one
of the three Japanese writing systems (Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji).
It is mainly used for:
- Foreign words (コーヒー – coffee)
- Foreign names (アメリカ – America)
- Loanwords (コンピューター – computer)
- Onomatopoeia (sound effects)
- Scientific and technical terms
- Emphasis (like CAPITAL LETTERS in
English)
🔹 1.
Basic Katakana ( Gojuon Chart)
This is the standard order of Japanese sounds.
|
|
A |
I |
U |
E |
O |
|
|
K |
|
カ (ka) |
キ (ki) |
ク (ku) |
ケ (ke) |
コ (ko) |
|
S |
|
サ (sa) |
シ (shi) |
ス (su) |
セ (se) |
ソ (so) |
|
T |
|
タ (ta) |
チ (chi) |
ツ (tsu) |
テ (te) |
ト (to) |
|
N |
|
ナ (na) |
ニ (ni) |
ヌ (nu) |
ネ (ne) |
ノ (no) |
|
H |
|
ハ (ha) |
ヒ (hi) |
フ (fu) |
ヘ (he) |
ホ (ho) |
|
M |
|
マ (ma) |
ミ (mi) |
ム (mu) |
メ (me) |
モ (mo) |
|
Y |
|
ヤ (ya) |
— |
ユ (yu) |
— |
ヨ (yo) |
|
R |
|
ラ (ra) |
リ (ri) |
ル (ru) |
レ (re) |
ロ (ro) |
|
W |
|
ワ (wa) |
— |
— |
— |
ヲ (wo / o) |
|
N |
|
ン (n) |
Notes:
·
シ = “shi” (not si)
·
チ = “chi” (not ti)
·
ツ = “tsu”
·
フ = pronounced like soft “fu”
·
ヲ is mostly used as a particle and
pronounced “o”
·
ン is the only single consonant sound
(n)
🔹 2. Dakuten (゛)
– Voiced Sounds
Adding two small marks (゛)
changes the sound.
|
A |
I |
U |
E |
O |
|
|
G |
ガ (ga) |
ギ (gi) |
グ (gu) |
ゲ (ge) |
ゴ (go) |
|
Z |
ザ (za) |
ジ (ji) |
ズ (zu) |
ゼ (ze) |
ゾ (zo) |
|
D |
ダ (da) |
ヂ (ji) |
ヅ (zu) |
デ (de) |
ド (do) |
|
B |
バ (ba) |
ビ (bi) |
ブ (bu) |
ベ (be) |
ボ (bo) |
Explanation:
·
K → G sound
·
S → Z sound
·
T → D sound
·
H → B sound
Example:
カ
(ka) → ガ
(ga)
サ
(sa) → ザ
(za)
🔹 3. Handakuten (゜)
– P Sound
Adding a small circle (゜)
makes the “P” sound.
|
A |
I |
U |
E |
O |
|
|
P |
パ (pa) |
ピ (pi) |
プ (pu) |
ペ (pe) |
ポ (po) |
Example:
ハ
(ha) → パ
(pa)
🔹 4. Combination Sounds
(Yōon)
These are made using small ャ, ュ,
ョ.
|
YA |
YU |
YO |
|
|
K |
キャ (kya) |
キュ (kyu) |
キョ (kyo) |
|
S |
シャ (sha) |
シュ (shu) |
ショ (sho) |
|
T |
チャ (cha) |
チュ (chu) |
チョ (cho) |
|
N |
ニャ (nya) |
ニュ (nyu) |
ニョ (nyo) |
|
H |
ヒャ (hya) |
ヒュ (hyu) |
ヒョ (hyo) |
|
M |
ミャ (mya) |
ミュ (myu) |
ミョ (myo) |
|
R |
リャ (rya) |
リュ (ryu) |
リョ (ryo) |
|
G |
ギャ (gya) |
ギュ (gyu) |
ギョ (gyo) |
|
J |
ジャ (ja) |
ジュ (ju) |
ジョ (jo) |
|
B |
ビャ (bya) |
ビュ (byu) |
ビョ (byo) |
|
P |
ピャ (pya) |
ピュ (pyu) |
ピョ (pyo) |
Example:
キ
+ small ャ
= キャ
(kya)
🔹 5. Small Characters
|
Character |
Function |
|
ァ |
small a |
|
ィ |
small i |
|
ゥ |
small u |
|
ェ |
small e |
|
ォ |
small o |
|
ャ |
small ya |
|
ュ |
small yu |
|
ョ |
small yo |
|
ッ |
small tsu (double consonant sound) |
Small ッ
(Important!)
It makes a double consonant.
Example:
カタカナ
(katakana)
キット
(kitto – pronounced kit-to)
🔹 6. Long Vowel Mark (ー)
This symbol makes the vowel longer.
Example:
コーヒー
(koohii – coffee)
スーパー
(suupaa – supermarket)
🌸 How to Learn Japanese Hiragana (ひらがなの学び方)
Katakana is one of the three Japanese writing systems. This guide explains Katakana characters, pronunciation rules, voiced sounds, and combination sounds in simple English. Ideal for beginners learning Japanese.
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